群体的英文
群体的英文：team:团队、集体群体，英文叫group，也可以被称为“团伙”，就是一群人，成员之间可以有共同的目标，彼此之间没有什么关联。而团队则不同，是一群有共同目标、成员之间有协同配合关系的组织。团队的英文叫 team ，成员之间有配合、有默契，是团队和群体最大的分别。团队最重要的特征，就是成员之间存在互动，良性互动创造协同效应。协同效应是什么？如果两个独立的个体，一加一等于二，就是没有协同效应。而一加一大于二，就有协同效应，多出来的那个部分，就是协同效应的结果。谈到团队，我们都能想到合作、集体精神等等，但有一个概念常常被忽视：就是“任务”。我们为什么需要团队，是因为要实现那个任务，不靠团队做不成，做不好。NBA联赛中，每一支球队都要夺取锦标，所以，要打造出好的团队。打造团队的目的，是为了夺取锦标。所以，团队合作的规矩，就要按照目标来。在管理学上，群体和团队是两个不同的概念。群体，英文叫group，也可以被称为“团伙”，就是一群人，成员之间可以有共同的目标，彼此之间没有什么关联。而团队则不同，是一群有共同目标、成员之间有协同配合关系的组织。 团队的英文叫 team ，成员之间有配合、有默契，是团队和群体最大的分别。
群体英文
群体英文:population; colony; group; bunch; commune; fraternity。双语例句:1.R~n（n≥3）上群体遗传学中的选择迁移模型In R~ n ( n ≥ 3) a Selection-Migration Model in Population Genetics 2.移动群体中基于SIR模型的疾病传播行为Disease spreading behavior based on SIR model within population of mobile individuals 3.在政治上，他总是为弱势群体奋斗。In politics, he was a champion of the underdog. 4.这个报告评估了艾滋病对同性恋群体的影响。The report assesses the impact of AIDS on the gay community. 5.尊严和自豪已深深扎根于这个群体之中。Dignity and pride run deep in this community.
这个东西叫什么??英文,中文.都要!!!
Chinese website:
http://hk.pantone.com/pantone_v1.asp
公司简介
总部位於美国新泽西州卡尔士达特市（Carlstadt, NJ）的Pantone, Inc.是一家专门开发和研究色彩而闻名全球的权威机构，也是色彩系统和领先技术的供应商，提供许多行业专业的色彩选择和精确的交流语言。彩通® （PANTONE®）这一名字已成为设计师、制造商、零售商和客户之间色彩交流的国际标准语言而享誉全球。
1963年，Pantone, Inc.的创始人Lawrence Herbert开发了一种革新性的色彩系统，可以进行色彩的识别、配比、和交流，从而解决有关在制图行业制造精确色彩配比的问题。他意识到每个人对同一光谱见解各不相同而带来了彩通配色系统®（PANTONE MATCHING SYSTEM®）的革新，该系统是一册扇形格式的标准色。
40多年来，彩通已经将其配色系统延伸到色彩占有重要地位的各行各业，如数码技术、纺织、塑料、建筑以及室内装饰等。它将继续为各行业开发色彩交流工具，大胆地采用新式数码技术来满足设计和生产专业人士的需要。
Graphic Arts - Printing, Publishing & Packaging
The PANTONE MATCHING SYSTEM is the definitive international reference for selecting, specifying, matching and controlling ink colors. The PANTONE formula guide, a three-guide set consisting of 1,114 solid PANTONE Colors on coated, uncoated and matte stock, shows corresponding printing ink formulas for each color, and the three-book set of solid chips provides coated, uncoated and matte perforated tear-out chips that can be used for quality control.
The digitally created PANTONE Process Color System® chips and guides provide a comprehensive palette of more than 3,000 colors achievable in four-color (CMYK) process printing. The PANTONE solid to process guide compares a solid PANTONE Color to the closest possible match in CMYK four-color process that can be achieved on a computer monitor, output device or printing press. Other PANTONE Color Reference Guides for the graphic arts include metallics, pastels, tints, duotones, film and foil.
The PANTONE Hexachrome® Color System, a patented, breakthrough six-color ultra high quality printing process, reproduces a dynamic range of more brilliant continuous-tone images and simulates brighter, more vivid colors than standard four-color process printing. The Hexachrome® process is supported by industry leaders such as Adobe, Quark, Macromedia, Kodak Polychrome, Agfa, DuPont, Polaroid and Fuji.
Textiles
The PANTONE for fashion and home color system is a vital tool for designers in the apparel, home furnishings and interior design industries for selecting and specifying color used in the manufacture of textiles and fashion. The System - consisting of 1,932 colors in cotton or paper format - is ideal for assembling creative palettes and conceptual color schemes, and for providing color communication and control in the manufacturing process.
The PANTONE VIEW Colour Planner is a biannual trend forecasting tool that offers seasonal color direction and inspiration 24 months in advance for multiple usages, including menswear, women's wear, activewear, cosmetics and industrial design. Introduced in 2004, PANTONE VIEW Home is a comprehensive forecasting tool for the home furnishings industry.
Architecture & Interiors
PANTONE for architecture and interiors bowed in at NeoCon in 2002, marking its move into the commercial, industrial and hospitality segments of the interior design industry. The System allows designers to connect different categories within the industry, including flooring, leather, fabrics, carpet, fiber, furniture and laminates. Pantone is collaborating with leading manufacturers and design firms to integrate the PANTONE for architecture and interiors color system into their design process.
Plastics
The PANTONE Plastics Color System™ allows designers, manufacturers and suppliers who work with plastics to select, specify, control and manufacture hundreds of colors through opaque and transparent plastic color chips in the system. It offers a comprehensive color range that is reproducible in plastics.
Color Cue™ Series
Introduced in 2001, PANTONE Color Cue is a portable, affordable spectro-colorimeter preprogrammed with PANTONE MATCHING SYSTEM Color data. It instantly identifies the closest PANTONE Color of any flat surface and provides formulas for reproduction in four-color process printing, Hexachrome six-color printing and Web design, accelerating color management workflow for graphics specialists, pre-press professionals, printers, Web site designers, photographers and retailers.
PANTONE Color Cue has applications in many industries. Graphic designers can immediately determine a PANTONE Color and its values for print and the Web. Printers can sample color to identify to the closest PANTONE Color standard. Retailers can swiftly and easily identify and communicate color across marketing materials, catalogs and Web sites. A version of the Color Cue, PANTONE Color Cue TX, supports the PANTONE Textile Color System®.
PANTONE Color Cue2, the next generation of Color Cue, combines the PANTONE MATCHING SYSTEM Library for coated, uncoated and matte stock and the PANTONE Textile Color System Library for fashion and home and for architecture and interiors. With one small device, users can access both color libraries to cross-match any material or surface, aiding designers working on projects where a product has to be matched to a corporate identity color. Color Cue2 also provides additional formulas for reproduction by way of a simple scrolling feature, and records the last 20 colors measured for later reference. It also identifies related colors - colors that are lighter, darker, redder, greener, yellower and bluer than the identified color.
Retail
In 2001, Pantone launched its PANTONE TheRightColor™ division. By providing a universal and precise color language along with technology solutions, TheRightColor focuses on developing solutions and technologies that enable retailers to build a color standard infrastructure to improve the consumer's shopping experience and impact the vendor's bottom line across all distribution channels. TheRightColor solutions are based on the globally accepted PANTONE Textile Color System.
TheRightColor solutions enable retailers to reduce the number of returns due to inaccurate color representation, as well as improve inventory tracking and replenishment strategies. In addition, the ability to monitor customer color preferences enables upselling and cross-selling, allowing the retailer to sell more product per visit. Meanwhile, the use of PANTONE Color codes empowers the customer to more confidently coordinate and complement merchandise. More information is available at www.therightcolor.com.
Consumer
PANTONE UNIVERSE is a collection of lifestyle products based on fashion color trends for the consumer. The collection, consisting of tabletop, stationery items, travel gear, accessories and rainwear, combines timeless designs and modern materials with current trend colors. More information is available at www.pantoneuniverse.com.
The PANTONE Shopping Color Guide lets shoppers take the expertise and precision of the PANTONE Name wherever they go. Based on the PANTONE Textile Color System, the PANTONE Shopping Color Guide incorporates 1,757 colors into an easy-to-use fan guide that helps shoppers coordinate colors for every aspect of their shopping experience - from clothing to accessories to items for the home.
Color Management
In 2001, Pantone began marketing affordable digital color control solutions to graphic artists and designers, photographers and printers. 2004 saw the introduction of two monitor calibration solutions: one for consumers and photo hobbyists, the other for professionals, delivering an unparalleled level of on-screen accuracy.
Continuing its commitment to the development of accessible color control solutions, Pantone entered the inkjet market in 2003 with PANTONE ColorVANTAGE™, a family of premium inkjet products including inks, papers and specially developed printer profiles. The products are designed for applications where the most accurate color reproduction and the widest possible range of color are required. More information is available at www.pantone.com.
Software
A longtime pioneer in the realm of digital technology, Pantone offers a variety of software products that accurately translate PANTONE Colors for use by graphic designers, pre-press professionals, business users, Web developers and Internet surfers.
* PANTONE OfficeColor Assistant™ adds the impact of PANTONE Colors to reports, proposals and presentations created in Microsoft® PowerPoint®, Word and Excel.
* PANTONE colorist is a Web utility that makes it easy for Web authors and graphic designers to select PANTONE MATCHING SYSTEM Colors from within popular applications that do not already incorporate PANTONE Libraries. It includes InspireME, a Web utility that offers an array of predefined color schemes created by Leatrice Eiseman, America's foremost color psychologist.
* The PANTONE Hexachrome Color System is supported by PANTONE HexWare® plug-ins for Adobe® Photoshop® and Adobe Illustrator®.
Lights and Scales
PANTONE Color Viewing Lights allow the user to preview color choices in different lighting conditions.
PANTONE formula scales are pre-programmed with formulas for all PANTONE Colors, including pastels and metallics, and are available in various sizes for small, medium and large print shops.
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT LABS
Pantone supports its color communication systems with industry-specific research and testing labs.
* Ink Lab scientists develop new formulas to update the PANTONE Color palettes. Licensee samples are also tested for quality control.
* Color Technology and Application Lab researchers develop core color technology and maintain the integrity of Pantone-licensed products from companies such as Adobe, Hewlett-Packard, Epson, DuPont and Kodak Polychrome.
* Textile Lab technicians verify formulas for textile production and formulas for reproduction. They dye and prepare fabric for the PANTONE Textile Color System swatch books, as well as provide custom color dying services to textile clients.
* Electronic Color Systems Lab engineers develop systems and calibration devices to assist software and hardware manufacturers in the DTP world with creating products and systems that support device-independent color standards. The lab evaluates color consistency and provides licensees with tools and data sets.
CUSTOM COLOR SERVICES
PANTONE Custom Color Services provide custom color standards for corporate managers and art directors in fashion, home, contract design, paint, beauty, automotive, sports, pharmaceutical - any industry requiring color accuracy.
PANTONE Custom Color Services also provides products to specify corporate identity, product color and packaging standards, including color standards showing one or more PANTONE Colors or custom colors on paper, cotton or custom substrates, as well as the corresponding CMYK, HTML and RGB values.
PANTONE COLOR INSTITUTE®
The Pantone Color Institute is a color research and information center that shares its color expertise with professionals in a variety of industries including fashion, commercial/industrial, contract and interior design, graphic arts, advertising, film and education. Recognized throughout the world as the leading source of color information, the Institute is used as a resource by the world's most influential media.
Through the Pantone Color Institute, Pantone continues to study how color influences human thought processes, emotions and physical reactions, furthering its commitment to providing professionals with a greater understanding of color and to help them utilize color more effectively. Leatrice Eiseman, America's leading color expert, is the executive director of the Pantone Color Institute.
CONSULTING SERVICES
The Pantone Color Team offers expert color consulting services by the world's foremost authorities on color. Many small and mid-size companies, as well as major corporations in a broad range of industries, rely on Pantone to devise and revise their product colors, packaging and corporate color identities.
colony collapse disorder 翻译
蜂群崩溃综合症（英语：Colony Collapse Disorder，简称CCD）是一个近代发现而至今不明的自然现象，导致大批蜂巢内的工蜂突然消失。CCD于2006年末出现于北美的蜜蜂群。
类似的现象于曾于欧洲不同国家发现，包括：比利时、法国、荷兰、波兰、希腊、意大利、葡国及西班牙，现象最早于瑞士及德国出现，但影响并不算太严重。台湾从2007年4月开始亦有疑似CCD个案发生。
从1971年至2006年，美国野生蜜蜂的数目大幅减少（至今差不多完全消失），而养殖场的蜂群数量亦不断减少。减少的原因包括有郊区城市化、杀虫剂、虫害以及蜜蜂养殖场的减少。然而，2006年末至2007年初，蜂群的减少幅度突然增快，致使学者使用“蜂群崩坏综合症”一名以表述蜂群大幅减少的不正常现象。
